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ISO exercises: watch the AMT

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When you exercise incentive stock options and hold the shares, you owe no regular tax at that moment. But the bargain element — the profit between the exercise price and the market value — can count as income under the alternative minimum tax. A $120,000 bargain element can push you into the 28% AMT bracket and eat much of your AMT exemption. Run the math before you exercise so a no-cash move does not create a real tax bill.

Good for: Employees with incentive stock options at fast-growing companies.

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Educational summary, not tax advice. Limits and rules change — confirm current law with your tax adviser.